, " Joe Biden says . | AP Photo Biden reassures NATO allies : I do n't think Trump ' understands what Article 5 is ' Vice President Joe Biden sought to reassure NATO allies on Tuesday of the United States ' " sacred honor " to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and specifically Article 5 , in the face of continued concerns about the prospect of what a President Donald Trump would do — going so far as to suggest that Trump does not understand " what Article 5 is . "
Posts will include basic information on the issue at hand , opinions from leading politicians , and links to more data so that readers can decide for themselves where they stand . General Information The North Atlantic Treatygovernment.agreements.violateagreementOrganization ( NATO ) is a military cooperative consisting of 28 countries between North America , South America , and Europe . The stated goals of NATO are to use democratic means to work through struggle and prevent conflict , and , when necessary , to band together in military support of a member country . The treaty compels each member nation to respond in support of another member nation when they are attacked .
Four of the five U.N. Security Council nuclear powers — Britain , France , Russia and the United States — voted against the resolution , while China abstained , as did India and Pakistan . Japan , which has long campaigned against the use of nuclear weapons , voted against it , as did South Korea , which is facing a nuclear threat from North Korea . Opponents argued that nuclear disarmament should be addressed within negotiations on the Nuclear Non - Proliferation Treatygovernment.agreements.acceptagreementcontractceasefire. Beatrice Fihn , executive director of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons , described the vote as a “ historic moment ” in the decades - long drive for a nuclear - free world . “ This treaty wo n’t eliminate nuclear weapons overnight .
Before Hillary : In 2009 , more and more nations began recognizing the independence of this nation that broke away from Georgia and successfully repelled a U.S.-supported Georgian invasion in 2008 . After Hillary : Clinton pressured Vanuatu and Tuvalu to break off diplomatic relations with Abkhazia in 2011 . The State Department pressured the governments of India , Germany , and Spain to refuse to recognize the validity of Abkhazian passports and , in violation of the US - UN Treatygovernment.agreements.rejectnullifyagreementcontractceasefire, refused to permit Abkhazian diplomats to visit UN headquarters in New York . The Clinton State Department also threatened San Marino , Belarus , Ecuador , Bolivia , Cuba , Somalia , Uzbekistan , and Peru with recriminations if they recognized Abkhazia . Georgia was connected to Clinton through the representation of Georgia in Washington the Podesta Group , headed by Tony Podesta , the brother of Mrs. Clinton ’s close friend and current campaign chairman John Podesta .
As reported earlier , Russian State Duma members Valery Rashkin and Sergei Obukhov petitioned to President Vladimir Putin and Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov , and proposed to sever the brotherhood and friendship treaty ( Treaty of Moscow ) , which the then Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( Bolshevist Russia ) and Turkey had signed in 1921 . In their respective letter , the said Russian MPs point to the consistency in Turkey ’s aggressive behavior . Pursuant to the 1921 Treatygovernment.agreements.violateagreementof Moscow , most of Kars Province , southern part of former Batumi Province , and Surmalu District — along with Mount Ararat — of Yerevan Province were given to Turkey .
Haberman : We both do . Trump : Then yes , I would be absolutely prepared to tell those countries , “ Congratulations , you will be defending yourself . ” Sanger reminds Trump that Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treatygovernment.agreements.naobliges member nations to treat an attack on one as an attack on all . Trump replies , “ How is it helping us ? We have massive trade deficits . ” He also says , “ In a deal , you always have to be prepared to walk”—as if the 28 nations of NATO were opposing sides in a contract dispute , not members of a mutually beneficial , trusting alliance .
The emails also reveal that Mitchell feared that mankind was on the brink of a space war that could lead to ETI intervention to stop humanity from self - annihilating . The former NASA astronaut backed up his claim that mankind was on the brink of a devastating space war by referring Podesta to several online news articles and analyses about the increasing risk of war in space . He cited the Obama administration ’s request of $ 5 billion to fund space defense programs in 2016 as evidence that the major powers were preparing for a space war despite efforts to convince them to sign the Treatygovernment.agreements.acceptagreementcontractceasefireon Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space , first proposed by China and Russia in February 2008 , as part of efforts to outlaw the weaponization of space , according to the Space Review . “ We ’re arguably closer than ever to war in space . Most satellites orbiting Earth belong to the US , China and Russia .
Join 159 other nations in signing the Ottawa treaty banning the use of anti - personnel land mines . Lead on global nuclear disarmament : Rejoin the Anti - Ballistic Missile Treatygovernment.agreements.violateagreement, which the US dropped out of in 2002 when it installed missiles and missile bases in Turkey , Romania , and Poland . Agree to Russia ’s proposal to jointly reduce US and Russian nuclear arsenals to 1,000 nuclear weapons each . Also call for all countries to the table to negotiate a treaty for the complete elimination of nuclear weapons .
Join 159 other nations in signing the Ottawa treaty banning the use of anti - personnel land mines . Lead on global nuclear disarmament : Rejoin the Anti - Ballistic Missile Treatygovernment.agreements.acceptagreementcontractceasefire, which the US dropped out of in 2002 when it installed missiles and missile bases in Turkey , Romania , and Poland . Agree to Russia ’s proposal to jointly reduce US and Russian nuclear arsenals to 1,000 nuclear weapons each . Also call for all countries to the table to negotiate a treaty for the complete elimination of nuclear weapons .
In 2014 , the Marshall Islands – a Pacific Ocean territory with 55,000 people – accused nine countries of “ not fulfilling their obligations with respect to the cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament ” . They included China , Britain , France , India , Israel , North Korea , Pakistan , Russia and the United States . The government , based in the Marshall Islands capital of Majuro , said by not stopping the nuclear arms race , the countries continued to breach their obligations under the Nuclear Non - Proliferation Treatygovernment.agreements.violateagreement( NPT ) – even if the treaty has not been signed by countries such as India and Pakistan . The Marshall Islands had decided to sue the world ’s nuclear heavyweights as “ it has a particular awareness of the dire consequences of nuclear weapons ” , it said . Between 1946 and 1958 the United States conducted repeated nuclear tests in the Marshall Islands , Majuro ’s representatives said in papers filed in court .
For US liberals who eschew the naked imperialism of Paul Wolfowitz ( on which see Patrick E. Tyler , “ U.S. strategy plan calls for insuring no rivals develop , ” New York Times , 8 March 1992 , archive.today/Rin1g ) , R2P is the justification of choice for Western military action in the Middle East and elsewhere , as evidenced by its ubiquity in the push to invade Libya in 2011 and Syria in 2013 . Jared Cohen 's former superior at the US State Department , Anne - Marie Slaughter , has called it “ the most important shift in our conception of sovereignty since the Treatygovernment.agreements.naof Westphalia in 1648 . ” See her praise for the book Responsibility to Protect : The Global Moral Compact for the 21st Century , edited by Richard H. Cooper and Juliette Voïnov Kohler , on the website of the publisher Palgrave Macmillan , archive.today/0dmMq . For a critical essay on R2P see Noam Chomsky 's statement on the doctrine to the UN General Assembly . Noam Chomsky , “ Statement by Professor Noam Chomsky to the United Nations General Assembly Thematic Dialogue on Responsibility to Protect , ” United Nations , New York , 23 July 2009 , is.gd / bLx3uU.